Cruel Patron

Then Promising Future finishes resolving, and the players finish adding their pending items to the chain in the same order they were put there, ignoring Energy costs but still paying Power costs. They must pay mandatory additional costs (like the cost of Cruel Patron), and may choose to pay optional additional costs (like Accelerate).

Q: If I play Cruel Patron and kill one of my units for its additional cost, but one of these cards replaces that unit's death, does the cost still count as paid?

Yes. You made the decision to pay the cost and took the action to pay it. What happened after that doesn't matter.

You mentioned rule 187.4.c. earlier and it says "open state", I don't remember that in the old rules. What gives?

Control of battlefields cannot be lost while there are items on the chain, per rule 187.4.c. in the Unleashed rules update. This means that spells and abilities that banish and play units, or that kill units as a cost or effect in order to play another unit, will be able to kill or banish units at battlefields and then play the resulting unit to that same battlefield.

187.4.c.If a player has no Units at a Battlefield and the turn is in an Open state, they lose Control of that Battlefield in the following cleanup, unless there is a Combat or Showdown ongoing there.

Let's look at some examples:

I play Cruel Patron, and I have a 1 [M] Recruit alone at a battlefield I control. I choose to kill my Recruit to pay the additional cost of Cruel Patron. Although this causes a cleanup, because there is an item on the chain (Cruel Patron) I don't lose control of the battlefield. I can choose to play Cruel Patron to that same battlefield with no issue.

I activate Baited Hook targeting a 4 [M] unit that is alone at a battlefield I control. When Baited Hook resolves, I kill that unit and look at the top 5 cards of my Main Deck. I choose to play a unit from among them, which goes pending on the chain. When Baited Hook's activated ability resolves, the outstanding cleanup initiates, but I can't lose control of the battlefield because the played unit is on the chain pending. Once the cleanup finishes, I will finalize the unit and I can choose the battlefield where I killed my 4 [M] unit to play it to.

I play Arcane Shift targeting my Thousand-Tailed Watcher who is alone at a battlefield I control. As it resolves, Watcher is banished and played to the chain. When Arcane Shift has finished resolving, a cleanup is outstanding and because Watcher is still pending on the chain, control of the battlefield can't be lost. When finalizing Watcher, the battlefield I banished it from is a valid location to play it to because I still control it.

There is one final example worth discussing, though the interaction worked similarly prior to this rules update: in the previous rules update, if my Glasc Mixologist died alone in Combat at a battlefield I control, the active Combat at the battlefield prevented me from losing control of the battlefield. Thus I could play the unit from Mixologist's Deathknell to the same Battlefield it died at. Previously this was only possible in Combat, but as of this rules update the same process will occur whenever Glasc Mixologist dies alone at a battlefield with the same controller, regardless of if there is a Combat there or not.

357.2.a. Costs that are replaced with other events by replacement effects are still considered paid. Example: A player plays Cruel Patron, which says "As an additional cost to play me, kill a friendly unit." They also control Zhonya's Hourglass, which says "If a friendly unit would die, kill this instead. Heal that unit, exhaust it, and recall it." They choose to kill a friendly unit during step 3, but as they pay the cost in step 4, Zhonya's Hourglass replaces that unit's death. The cost is considered paid, and the player can continue playing Cruel Patron.